Gamma—Ray Bursts：Afterglows and Central Engines   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

K.S.Cheng T.Lu 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2001,1(1):1-20

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most intense transient gamma-ray events in the sky; this, together with the strong evidence (the isotropic and inhomogeneous distribution of GRBs detected by BASTE) that they are located at cosmological distances, makes them the most energetic events ever known. For example, the observed radiation energies of some GRBs are equivalent to the total convertion into radiation of the mass energy of more than one solar mass. This is thousand times stronger than the energy of a supernova explosion. Some unconventional energy mechanism and extremely high conversion efficiency for these mysterious events are required. The discovery of host galaxies and association with supernovae at cosmoligical distances by the recently launched satellite of BeppoSAX and ground based radio and optical telescopes in GRB afterglow provides further support to the cosmological origin of GRBs and put strong constraints on their central engine. It is the aim of this article to review the possible central engines, energy mechanisms, dynamical and spectral evolution of GRBs, especially focusing on the afterglows in multi-wavebands.  相似文献   

Geminga脉冲星的COS-B和HEAO-B卫星资料分析     

马宇倩  程凌翔  李惕碚  孙学军  吴枚  宋黎明  马琳 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1992,(4)

本文利用COS-B和HEAO-B卫星资料对Geminga脉冲星进行了守时性分析和谱分析,结果进一步证实了Geminga脉冲星是一颗具有强γ辐射,弱X辐射的γ射线脉冲星.  相似文献   

山东中南部地区含金刚石燧石砾岩的地貌特征和形成时代          下载免费PDF全文

程新民 《山东国土资源》1992,(2)

本文对山东中南部含金刚石燧石砾岩地区的地貌、新构造、早第三纪地层进行了研究和划分,在该区首次发现了河流袭夺现象。本区含金刚石燧石砾岩主要赋存在古岩溶地貌中,其孢粉组合是以杉科粉占优势(特别是破隙杉粉),栎粉、榆粉也有较高含量,以热带、亚热带植物花粉为主的基本特征,含金刚石燧石砾岩的形成时代为早第三纪渐新世。  相似文献   

THE PROTECTION OF THE ECOLOGIC ENVIRONMENT OF THE GREEN CORRIDOR IN THE LOWER REACHES OF THE TARIM RIVER     

程其畴 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1992,2(1):74-79

The Green Corridor in the lower reaches of the Tarim River is not only a unique natural landscape in desert but also an important passageway. Nowadays, the ecologic environment of the corridor is getting worse and worse due to man's economic activities and the lack of knowledge of the importance of the environment, which is one of is the three environment problems in Xinjiang. The corridor is in great need of planning and managing.  相似文献   

    

Zhang Rujie  Cheng Maorung 《Journal of Geodesy》1988,62(4):I

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区域地理信息系统在农业中的应用——以福建省浦城县为例     

宋晓红  晏路明  程泽明 《地理学报》1989,(2)

本文应用系统分析的理论和方法，建立了浦城县地理信息系统，分析了信息系统的结构、功能及信息管理过程，并在系统的支持下对浦城县农业发展战略进行决策研究，提出了一系列分析意见，开辟了地理信息系统应用的新领域。  相似文献   

我国蒸发研究的概况与展望   总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25  

唐登银  程维新  洪嘉琏 《地理研究》1984,3(3):84-97

蒸发既是地球表面热量平衡的组成部分,又是水量平衡的组成部分,而地表面热量、水分收支状况在很大程度上决定着地理环境的形成和演变,因此蒸发的研究是地理环境研究中的一个内容。蒸发与许多国民经济中的实际问题有关,那是显而易见的,水的问题已成为目前全世界所共同关注的问题之一,而几乎所有水的实际问题的解决,都离不开蒸发的研究。  相似文献   

An integrated linear/non-linear flow model for the conduit-fissure-pore media in the karst triple void aquifer system   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J. M. Cheng  C. X. Chen 《Environmental Geology》2005,47(2):163-174

Most karstic aquifer media may be characterized as the triple-void media with highly-varied hydraulic properties, including matrix pore, fissure and conduit, in which liner flow may co-exist with non-linear flow. In this paper, an attempt is made to couple linear flow with non-linear flow in a single unified flow governing equations by introducing the concept of equivalent hydraulic conductivity (EHC) and deriving a general Darcys law for various flow. The expression of EHC in the karst conduit and fissure are also derived. The procedures of numerical implementation are demonstrated via an ideal model and a case study of karst aquifer system in the Beishan Ore Formation area, Guangxi Autonomous Region, China.  相似文献   

IGCP448：岩溶生态系统全球对比研究进展   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  

章程  袁道先 《中国岩溶》2005,24(1):83-88

综述了IGCP 448项目"全球岩溶地质及有关生态系统对比"(2000-2004)执行四年来所取得的学术成果.其中比较重要的新认识有:(1)岩溶地区的植被,常常是涵养水分,增加含水层的贮水能力,改善水文生态环境的重要因素,但在澳大利亚南部岩溶区广泛分布的桉树,则以其强烈的蒸发作用,而被用于降低地下水位,防治土壤盐碱化;(2)在北方(Boreal) 或温带湿润气候生态区,地下岩溶系统则被用于排除沼泽地区过多积水,偏碱性的碳酸盐岩也有利于中和酸性环境,凡是岩溶发育的地方,都成了主要农业基地;(3)通过洞穴探险发现一类完全不同于靠光合作用产生有机质的生物群--化学自养微生物(甲烷菌);(4)中国西南典型岩溶区的研究表明,表层土壤微生物可以加速碳酸盐岩的溶解作用,并揭示了植物根系与土壤微生物是产生碳酸酐酶(CA)的两个重要供给源.  相似文献   

Prediction of permafrost distribution on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the next 50 and 100 years   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

NAN Zhuotong  LI Shuxun & CHENG Guodong State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering  Cold  Arid Regions Environmental  Engineering Research Institute  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Lanzhou  China Correspondence should be addressed to Nan Zhuotong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(6):797-804

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)has the highestand largest permafrost coverage in the low-middlelatitudes all over the world.With the progress ofChina’s Western Development,human activities areincreasing significantly on the QTP.For instance,theQinghai-Tibet Railway project started in June2001iscurrently under construction,but permafrost problemwill be one of the critical factors for the engineeringconstruction.Frost heave and permafrost settlementmay destroy engineering construction[1,2]…  相似文献